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In-class Test 2
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1.Which one of the following needs is a lower-order need in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory?（）
A) social
B) esteem
C) safety
D) self-actualization
2.Matthew is worried that he will not be able to pay his mortgage and feed his family since he was laid off from his production job. Which one of Maslow's levels of need is a concern to Matthew? （）
A) self-actualization
B) esteem
C) psychological
D) physiological
3.According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, ________ needs are predominantly satisfied externally while ________ needs are satisfied internally. （）
A) physiological; safety
B) safety; self-actualization
C) self-actualization; physiological
D) social; safety
4.John knows his more experienced workers don't need him to "babysit" them; he trusts them to know what to do, how to do it, and to get it done on time. In this respect, John is a ________ manager. （）
A) Theory X
B) Theory Y
C) Theory Z
D) Two-factor
5.According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which one of the following is a hygiene factor? （）
A) recognition
B) advancement
C) working conditions
D) responsibility
6. Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory proposes that ________. （）
A) intrinsic factors cause job dissatisfaction
B) extrinsic factors have the maximum effect on job satisfaction
C) extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
D) intrinsic factors have little effect on job satisfaction
7.Tiffany is usually the person who takes charge of the situation and gets people moving toward the group's objective. Tiffany probably has a high need for ________. （）
A) control
B) power
C) achievement
D) admiration
8.At his last performance evaluation, Elliott agreed to earn 20 continuing education credits before his next annual review. Ten months later, he still has not earned any. From this lack of action, we can infer that ________. （）
A) Elliott works in a low uncertainty avoidance culture
B) Elliott is low in self-efficacy
C) Elliott's manager is a Theory Y manager
D) Elliott was not committed to the goal
9.Goal-setting theory says that ________. （）
A) goals should be loosely defined and moderately challenging to maximize motivation
B) a generalized goal of "do your best" is likely to be most effective in ensuring high performance
C) difficult goals, when accepted, result in higher performance than do easy goals
D) to be effective, goals set should be easily achievable for the top performers
10.Which one of the following is true about job enlargement and job enrichment? （）
A) Job enlargement efforts that focus solely on increasing the number of tasks are largely effective in increasing employee motivation.
B) Research shows that job enrichment improves employee motivation and satisfaction.
C) Expanding the scope of knowledge used in a job leads to more job satisfaction, enhanced customer service, and fewer errors.
D) Research shows that job enrichment is very useful in improving the quality of work of employees.
11.At 3M, workers are allowed up to 15% of their paid time to devote to projects of their own choosing. For that time, workers have ________. （）
A) high task identity
B) high task significance
C) high autonomy
D) low feedback
12.Coworkers Bob and Tom were comparing checks on Friday. Bob saw that Tom's was significantly larger, which made Bob unhappy. Which theory best explains Bob's reaction? （）
A) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
B) Herzberg's two-factor theory
C) Adams' equity theory
D) Vroom's expectancy theory
13.When Bob discovered Tom had a larger paycheck for the same amount of effort, his concern centered on ________ justice. （）
A) distributive
B) restorative
C) retributive
D) procedural
14.Bonnie's boss has offered her baseball game tickets if she meets her sales goals this month. Bonnie looked at him in disbelief and did not put forth the effort to meet the goals. According to expectancy theory, from this we can surmise ________. （）
A) the expectancy was only moderate
B) the reward had low valence for Bonnie
C) the instrumentality was low
D) the effort-reward linkage was weak
15. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, once a need is substantially satisfied, that need no longer motivates the individual.
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16.People with a high need for achievement strive for the trappings and rewards of success rather than for personal accomplishment.
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17.According to the goal-setting theory, a generalized goal of "do your best" will produce a higher output than specific, challenging goals.
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18.Managers using reinforcement theory to motivate employees should ignore, not punish, undesirable behavior.
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19.An enriched job allows workers to do an entire activity with increased freedom, independence, and responsibility.
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20.In equity theory, recent research shows that distributive justice has a greater influence on employee satisfaction than procedural justice.
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